As we all know, the flap disc is the most important type of grinding tool in grinding. The flap disc is a porous body prepared by adding a binder to the abrasive, pressing, drying and calcining. Due to the different abrasives, binders and manufacturing processes, the characteristics of the flap disc vary greatly, which has an important influence on the processing quality, productivity and economy of the grinding. The characteristics of the flap disc are mainly determined by factors such as abrasive, strength, bonding agent, hardness, organization, shape and size.

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According to the abrasive used, it can be divided into ordinary abrasive (corundum and silicon carbide) flap disc and natural abrasive super-hard abrasive and (diamond and cubic boron nitride, etc.) flap disc;

According to the shape, it can be divided into a flat flap disc, a beveling flap disc, a cylindrical flap disc, a cup-shaped flap disc, a dish-shaped flap disc, etc.; according to the bonding agent, it can be divided into a ceramic flap disc, a resin flap disc, a rubber flap disc, a metal flap disc and the like. The characteristic parameters of the flap disc mainly include abrasive, viscosity, hardness, bonding agent, shape and size.

Since the flap disc usually works at high speed, the slewing test (to ensure that the flap disc does not break at the highest working speed) and the static balance test (to prevent machine vibration during work) should be performed before use. After the flap disc has been in operation for a period of time, it should be trimmed to restore the grinding performance and the correct geometry.

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The characteristics of the flap disc on the grinding machine are:

The grinding zone is hot due to severe friction. This can cause stress and deformation of the workpiece and even burn the surface of the workpiece. Therefore, a large amount of coolant must be injected during grinding to reduce the grinding temperature. The coolant can also act as chipping and lubrication.

The radial force during grinding is large. This causes the machine-grinding-workpiece system to retreat so that the actual depth of cut is less than the nominal depth of cut. Therefore, when the grinding is about to be completed, the knife should not be used for light grinding to eliminate the error. After the abrasive grain is blunt, the grinding force also increases, causing the abrasive grain to break or fall off, and the sharp edge is re-exposed. This characteristic is called self-sharpness. The self-sharpening makes the grinding work normally in a certain period of time. However, after a certain working time, manual dressing should be carried out to avoid vibration, noise and damage to the surface quality of the workpiece.

Since the flap disc itself has high hardness and heat resistance, the grinding can process materials with high hardness, such as hardened steel and hard alloy. The characteristics of the flap disc and the grinding machine determine that the grinding process system can make uniform micro-cutting, generally ap=0.001~0.005mm; the grinding speed is very high, generally up to v=30~50m/s; the grinding machine has good rigidity; the hydraulic transmission is adopted. Therefore, the grinding can economically obtain high processing precision (IT6 to IT5) and small surface roughness (Ra = 0.8 to 0.2 m). Grinding is one of the main methods of finishing parts.